The association between cognitive decline and H. pylori infection remains controversial, with some evidence suggesting that H. pylori eradication may slow the progression of the disease.
A new meta-analysis reviewed 16 studies to explore whether H. pylori affects cognitive function and whether cognitive decline is linked to higher rates of infection.
The analysis found that people with H. pylori infection had a higher risk of cognitive decline, especially when cognitive dysfunction and dementia were combined. However, the infection was not clearly linked to Alzheimer’s disease. Conversely, people with Alzheimer’s disease were more likely to have H. pylori infection than those without, though the association was weaker for other forms of dementia.
These findings suggest a bidirectional relationship in which H. pylori may contribute to cognitive decline, and certain cognitive conditions may increase susceptibility to infection. The study also highlights the need for more well-designed research to fully understand this complex interaction.
Learn more about this study here: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-025-03160-8
Reference
Elhady, M.M., Zidan, A., Rabea, E.M. et al. The association between H. pylori infection and cognitive deterioration: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Med Res 30, 846 (2025)